Association between smoking and dopamine receptor D2 polymorphisms in male patients with schizophrenia / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between dopamine receptor D2(DRD2) polymorphisms and smoking in male patients with schizophrenia.Methods:Totally 773 patients with schizophrenia (567 smokers and 206 non-smokers) and 302 normal controls (168 smokers and 134 non-smokers) were recruited.The two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs1800497 and rs1079597) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RELP).SHEsis genetic analysis platform was used to calculate linkage disequilibrium index and infer allele distribution and haplotype frequency.Results:There was no significant difference in two SNPs genotype and allele distributions between the patients and normal controls or between smokers and non-smokers in either patients or normal controls alone (Ps ＞ 0.05);the frequency estimations of haplotype C-A and T-G in patients with schizophrenia were higher than in normal controls (8.0％ vs.5.2％,10.2％ vs.4.1％,Ps ＜0.05),T-A (34.6％ vs.40.2％,P ＜0.05),whereas the frequency estimation of haplotype T-A in patients with schizophrenia was lower than in normal controls,and all the differences were statistically significant (34.6％ vs.40.2％,P ＜ 0.05).It was also observed that the frequency estimation of haplotype T-A in normal smokers was significantly lower than in normal non-smokers (2.5％ vs.6.1％,P ＜0.05).Conclusion:There may be a correlation between DRD2 polymorphisms and the susceptibility to schizophrenia,but not between DRD2 polymorphisms and smoking neither in patients with schizophrenia nor in normal controls.

Effects of dendritic cell-activated and cytokine-induced killer cell therapy on 22 children with acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The efficiency of dendritic cell-activated and cytokine-induced killer cell (DC-CIK) therapy on children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after chemotherapy was investigated. Mononuclear cells were collected from children achieving complete remission after chemotherapy, cultured in vitro and transfused back into the same patient. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was injected subcutaneously every other day 10 times at the dose of 1 × 10(6) units. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and minimal residual disease (MRD) were detected by flow cytometry. Function of bone marrow was monitored by methods of morphology, immunology, cytogenetics and molecular biology. The side effects were also observed during the treatment. The average follow-up period for all the 22 patients was 71 months and relapse occurred in two AML patients (9.1%). The percentage of CD3(+)/CD8(+) cells in peripheral blood of 15 patients at the 3rd month after DC-CIK treatment (36.73% ± 12.51%) was dramatically higher than that before treatment (29.20% ± 8.34%, P < 0.05). The MRD rate was >0.1% in 5 patients before the treatment, and became lower than 0.1% 3 months after the treatment. During the transfusion of DC-CIK, side effects including fever, chills and hives appeared in 7 out of 22 (31.82%) cases but disappeared quickly after symptomatic treatments. There were no changes in electrocardiography and liver-renal functions after the treatment. MRD in children with AML can be eliminated by DC-CIK therapy which is safe and has fewer side effects.

Impaired prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in Chinese patients with first-episode, medication-naïve schizophrenia / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Patients with schizophrenia have prominent abnormality in information processing that can be observed by measures of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle reflex and PPI deficits have been considered as a candidate endophenotypic marker of schizophrenia. However, there has been little information on PPI and related measures in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. The research was to explore the deficits of acoustic startle reflex that might exist in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Startle response to acoustic stimuli, habituation, and PPI were examined in 31 Chinese patients with first-episode, medication-naïve schizophrenia and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy Chinese controls. At the same day of startle testing, psychopathological symptoms of the patients were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with healthy controls, patients exhibited the significant reduction in startle response and PPI deficits at 60 milliseconds (ms) intervals (PPI60, P < 0.05) but not at 30 or 120 ms intervals. Furthermore, there was a relatively strong correlation between PPI60 (P < 0.05) and scores of positive scale of PANSS in patients with schizophrenia.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings confirmed impaired PPI in Chinese patients with schizophrenia and suggested that a relationship between sensorimotor gating deficits and clinical symptoms of patients with schizophrenia might exist.</p>

Infusions of recipient-derived cytokine-induced killer cells of donor origin eradicated residual disease in a relapsed leukemia patient after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

A female patient diagnosed with acute myelocytic leukemia M5a (AML-M5a) relapsed 986 days after her allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) from an unrelated male donor with matched human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Three re-induction chemotherapies were administered, and partial remission was achieved. The patient was given repetitive infusion of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells expanded from recipient peripheral mononuclear cells of full donor chimerism due to loss of contact of quondam donor for donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and rejection of second transplantation. The patient achieved complete cytogenetical remission. This strategy might overcome the obstacle of donor unavailability and present an appealing new therapeutic alternative to donor-recruited adoptive immunotherapy for relapsed disease at post-transplantation.

Comparisons of clinical features of chronic aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study compared the differences in clinical features between chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in children in order to provide a basis for the differential diagnosis of the two diseases.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study of 23 cases of CAA and 9 cases of MDS from September 2007 to September 2010 was performed. The clinical data including routine blood test results, reticulocyte counts, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, serum ferritin level, cytological examination of bone marrow, bone marrow CD34+ cell counts, bone marrow chromosome and FISH test results were compared between the CAA and MDS groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Neutrophils, reticulocytes, and serum ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase levels increased in the MDS group compared with those in the CAA group. There were significant differences in bone marrow blast cell counts and dyshematopoiesis phenomena of three lines blood cells between the CAA and MDS groups. The bone marrow CD34+ cell counts and the rate of chromosomal abnormalities detected in bone marrow cytogenetic analysis in the MDS group were significantly higher than those in the CAA group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are differences in the results of laboratory examinations and morphological and cytogenetic examinations of bone marrow between the children with CAA and MDS. The differences are useful to the differential diagnosis of the two diseases.</p>

Expression and clinical significance of COX-2 and BCL-2 in distal transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of COX-2 and BCL-2 in transitional mucosa adjacent to rectal carcinoma, and to determine whether precursor event exists in the transitional mucosa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mucin histochemical method (HID/AB) was used to determine the distal mucosa 2 cm away from rectal carcinoma in 54 patients with rectal cancer. Immunohistochemical method was employed to detect the expression of BCL-2 and COX-2 in the rectal cancer specimen, transitional mucosa (TM), non-transitional mucosa (NTM), and 20 cases of normal rectal mucosa. Student's t-test and Chi-square test were preformed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nineteen patients with positive TM were found. COX-2 expression was identified in 81.5% of cancer tissue, 21.1% of TM, 17.1% of NTM, and 10.0% in normal mucosa. BCL-2 protein was found in 77.8% of cancer tissue, 21.1% of TM, 22.9% of NTM, and 5.0% of normal mucosa. The expressions of COX-2 and BCL-2 in TM were significantly different from tumor tissue[(0.737±0.895) versus (3.519±1.998), and (0.632±0.955) versus (2.833±1.756), all P<0.01]. However, there were no significant differences between TM and NTM or normal mucosa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Expressions of COX-2 and BCL-2 are non-specific in the transitional mucosa at the distal rectum. Evidence is not available in TM being precursor lesion.</p>

Therapeutic effects of a combination of high-dose immunoglobulin and cyclosporine A in children with aplastic anemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effects of a combined immunotherapy, high-dose immunoglobulin (HDIG) plus cyclosporine A (CsA) plus prednisone (P), in children with aplastic anemia (AA) and to explore the association of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, peripheral blood cells and marrow CD34+ cells with therapeutic effects in AA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 46 children with AA and who received the combined immunotherapy of HDIG + CsA + P were retrospectively studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 46 children with AA, 31 (67.4%) were responded to the combined immunotherapy. The binary logistic regression analysis showed low absolute neutrophil count (B=4.703, p<0.05), low percentage of peripheral blood CD4+ cells (B=0.142, p<0.05) and low ratio of peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ (B=2.945, p<0.05)were associated with poor therapeutic effects. The ratio of CD34+/karyocytes of bone marrow in children with AA was lower than that in normal individuals, but it was not significantly related to the therapeutic effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The combined immunotherapy (HDIG+CsA+P) was effective in children with AA. The absolute neutrophilcount, the percentage of peripheral blood CD4+ and the ratio of peripheral blood CD4+/CD8+ were important prognostic factors in AA.</p>

Therapeutic effectiveness of the ALL-XH-99 protocol for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The ALL-XH-99 protocol for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been performed in the Union Hospital for 10 years. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of the protocol for childhood ALL and to investigate the prognostic factors for childhood ALL.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This is a retrospective study. The eligible patients were treated with the ALL-XH-99 protocol. However a minor modification based on the ALL-XH-99 protocol was performed in this study, i.e., the high-risk patients as the low- and moderate-risk patients were not administered with cranial irradiation. Event-free survival (EFS) was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the differences of the EFS among groups were compared with the log-rank test. Prognostic factors for childhood ALL were investigated by the stepwise Cox proportional hazard model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred fifteen patients were eligible for the ALL-XH-99 protocol clinical study. The 115 patients consisted of 62 low-risk, 12 moderate-risk and 41 high-risk patients. The overall EFS at 5 years in the 115 patients was 69.0 +/- 5.0%. The 5-year-EFS in the low-risk, moderate-risk and high-risk patients was 82.0 +/- 6.0%, 77.0 +/- 15.0% and 43.0 +/- 11.0%, respectively (P <0.01). Relapse occurred in 16 patients (13.9%) in a median time of 17 months. Without administering cranial irradiation to all of the patients, the incidence of CNS leukemia relapse (2/115, 1.7%) was not higher than that previously reported. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk degree of leukemia, the presence of t (9; 22)/bcr/abl fusion gene and leukocyte count were independent adverse prognostic factors for ALL and their hazard ratio was 1.867, 3.397 and 2.236 respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The therapeutic effectiveness of the ALL-XH-99 protocol for childhood ALL is satisfactory, with an EFS rate comparable to that of the developed countries. t (9; 22)/bcr/abl is the most important adverse independent prognostic factor for childhood ALL. Cranial irradiation may be eliminated to reduce late adverse effects in all of ALL patients.</p>

Relationship between tardive dyskinesia and the polymorphism of superoxide dismutase val9Ala and efficacy of Chaihu Taoren Capsules on it / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between efficacy of Chaihu Taoren Decoction (CTD) and the polymorphism of valine-alanine missense mutation of 9th codan (Val9Ala, T1183C) of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients with tardive dyskinesia (TD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Severity of TD was assessed by abnormal involuntary movement scale (AIMS), and the psychologic symptoms were rated by the positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS). The sample size consisted of 119 patients with TD assigned to the TD group, 129 patients of chronic schizophrenia with the general condition matched strictly with that of the enrolled TD patients assigned to the non-TD group, and 148 healthy persons assigned to the normal group. The gene distribution rate of Val9Ala gene was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and the therapeutic effect of CTD on 36 patients with TD was observed after 12 weeks treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference in genotype and allelic gene frequency of SOD Val9Ala among the TD, non-TD and normal groups (P > 0.05). Comparison of the AIMS score in TD patients with various Val9Ala genotypes showed that the difference of AIMS scores in patients with TT and CT genotype was not significant (P > 0.05), but CTD did show a better efficacy in TD patients with CT heterozygote than in those with TT homozygote (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The CTD could effectively relieve the symptoms of TD, its efficacy might be related with the genotype of SOD, and 9Ala is considered to be a protective factor for the susceptibility to TD.</p>

Study on the early liver metastasis forecast of colorectal neoplasms / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To obtain some effective objective markers used to predict the early liver metastasis of colorectal tumor, the relationship of liver metastasis of colorectal tumor with associate detection three markers such as CK20mRNA, CD44v6 and VEGF was studied.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of CK20mRNA in patrol venous blood from 30 colorectal cancer patients was detected by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, and the results of CD44v6 and VEGF in colorectal cancer tissue were determined by means of immunohistochemistry, and then compared with those in control groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of positive expression of CK20mRNA in colorectal cancer patients' patrol venous blood was obviously superior to the level of benign pathological changes controls (P < 0.01), and significantly higher than that of normal controls (P < 0.01). The rate of positive expression of CD44v6 and VEGF in colorectal tumor tissue was distinctly superior to the level of benign pathological controls, and remarkable higher than that of normal controls (P < 0.01). The positive expression of liver metastasis was also clearly higher than that of no liver metastasis (P < 0.05). The rate of positive expression of CK20mRNA in patrol venous blood was evidently correlated to the expression of CD44v6 and VEGF in tumor tissue (r(1) = 0.933, r(2) = 0.906, P < 0.05). The results of associate detection of CK20mRNA, CD44v6 and VEGF were closely related to the incidence of liver metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>If combined detecting these markers of CK20mRNA, CD44v6 and VEGF to forecast liver metastasis of colorectal tumor, the sensitivity and specialty of prediction will be improved, there were highly clinical values in predicting in early diagnosis liver metastasis of colorectal tumor.</p>

The significance of pepsinogen with its subgroup and CA72-4 associate detect applied to early diagnostic and prognosis judgment on gastric cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To find out the connection of serum pepsinogen and it's subgroups (PGI, PGII) with CA72-4 to early diagnosis and postoperative recurrence on gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RIA was applied to detect the results of serum PGI, PGII and CA72-4 on gastric cancer and other stomach diseases, then the clinic value of associating detection on gastric cancer diagnosis and prognosis judgment were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The serum PG levels of GC patients were significantly lower comparing to those of healthy controls (P < 0.01), apparent changes had taken place on earlier period GC (P < 0.05), and aggressive GC were even lower (P < 0.01). On the earlier period of GC diagnosis, CA72-4 levels were not apparently different to healthy controls (P > 0.05), and aggressive GC were significantly higher (P < 0.01). Compared preoperative with postoperative, the serum PGI and PGII and CA72-4 levels were significantly different (P < 0.01). In the patients underwent total gastrectomy, both of pepsinogen levels were lower than those of subtotal or large partial gastrectomy (P < 0.05). The serum PGI, PGII and CA72-4 levels of patients with recurrence of GC after total gastrectomy were significantly higher than those without. Compared before recurrence patients with after ones, the serum PGI and PGII levels of partial gastrectomy were no apparent difference (P > 0.05), however apparent changes had taken place on CA72-4 levels. The associate detection had even higher specificity (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Apply to detect the serum PG levels on crowds, especially pGI, PGI/II levels decrease, which may be expected to become the index to earlier period GC screening. The associating detection to PG and CA72-4 levels may significantly improve sensitivity and specificity, which have chances to be applied to monitoring to postoperative gastrectomy.</p>

Effects of mFOLFOX7 neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocol on advanced gastric cancer / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective: To observe the effect of mFOLFOX7 protocolon advanced gastric cancer. Methods: Forty-eight patients with advanced gastric cancer were randomly divided into two groups: conventional treatment group (24 cases, surgery-adjuvant chemotherapy)and synthesized treatment group (24 cases, mFOLFOX7 neoadjuvant chemotherapy-surgery-adjuvant). The effect and toxic reaction of mFOLFOX7 on the patients with advanced gastric cancer were observed, and the R0 resection rate, complications incidence, survival rate were compared between two groups. Results: In synthesized treatment group, total effective rate was 58.3% . Fourteen patients (58.3%)achieved R0resection in synthesized group were compared with 7 patients (29.2%)achieved R0 resection in conventional group (P0.05).Conclusion: mFOLFOX7 neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocol is low toxic reaction. It can improve R0 resection rate of advanced gastric cancer, complications correlated with surgery are not increased. But it can’t improve the survivalrate.